For the mining method proof of concept, LKAB has designated a test area and development is scheduled to start in 2022. The aim is to test raise caving as a standalone method, but also whether it's possible to …

Characteristic of Sublevel Stoping Method Advantages Moderate to high productivity per man-shift Moderate cost of mining (relat = 0.4.) Moderate to high production rate Suitable for mechanization Low exposure to unsafe conditions Possibility of simultaneous unit operations Average recovery (75%); Moderate dilution (up to 20%).

Touted as the deep mining method of the future, block caving is an underground mass-mining method that allows for the bulk extraction of large, relatively lower-grade ore deposits that are vertical in orientation. ... There are a number of solutions developed for caving to design, model, evaluate block caving, and sub-level caving …

Abstract. Sublevel stoping mining methods are very popular in Canadian metal mines since they enable maximum ore recovery due to pillar-less mining. Sublevel stoping mining methods are generally employed to extract steeply dipping tabular ore deposits characterized by relatively long strikes and having various thicknesses.

Sublevel open stoping methods are used to extract large massive or tabular, steeply-dipping competent orebodies surrounded by competent host rocks which in general have few constraints regarding the shape, size and continuity of the mineralisation.

Sub-level caving is an advanced and highly efficient low-cost bulk underground mining method that provides early access to ore. Mining commences at the top of the deposit and develops downwards. Ore is mined from sub-evels spaced at regular intervals throughout the deposit.

This paper proposes a diamond layout sublevel open stoping system using fan blastholes with backfilling to mine such orebodies. To evaluate the performance of …

The caving method is a large-scale mining method with low cost and high efficiency, widely used in China's metal mines. The ore output of the caving method takes up about 35% of the total ore output, and there is a tendency to increase. The caving method has a certain range of applications to the occurrence condition of the ore body …

Diavik Diamond Mine is located on the subarctic tundra of the Northwest Territories, Canada, 300 km northeast of Yellowknife. When its first two open pits were exhausted in 2012, it completed the full transition to underground mining. Three orebodies are currently being mined underground using two mining methods: blasthole open stoping and ...

Among underground mining methods, sublevel stoping are a commonly used method in large-scale mining. It is a versatile and productive method that is primarily used for steeply deeping orebodies with regular shape, defined ore boundaries and competent ore and host rock. ... Dynamic programming applied to grade control in sub-level open …

Sublevel caving method with sill pillar is the mining process in which a level is divided into several sublevels, a bottom structure specifically used for ore …

Sublevel stoping is one of the most common and large-scale mining methods, which can be implemented in steeply dipping orebodies by creating large open stopes in …

Source: Mining Magazine, September 2013. Sub-level caving is a highly efficient, top-down, underground bulk mining method. Recent developments in sub-level cave mining have advanced the understanding of the technique and its production performance, which allow it to now be considered as a highly viable alternative to open …

Sublevel stoping: configuration method in stopes where the ore is detonated by drilling a fan or parallel; large part of the ore is removed from the stope as it is being detonated, leaving open...

The development method of the Maogong Iron Mine involves transitioning from open pit to underground mining. Open pits and underground goafs were formed in this mining process. In the study area, during the open-pit mining stage (+ 100 m level or above), large pits and large open-pit slopes were formed on the surface which led to …

methods have been studied and compared respectively as part of Vertical Crater Retreat and Sub Level Stoping mining methods. Actually the latter method is not strictly Sub Level Stoping, because in order to minimize the risk of collapse of the hanging wall, which dips at 65°, the major part of the depleted

Block Caving Block-caving method is employed generally for steeply dipping ores, and thick sub- horizontal seams of ore. The method has application, for example in sulfide deposits and underground kimberlite (diamond) mining. It is most applicable to :- o A large-scale or bulk mining method that is highly productive, low in cost, and used ...

The mining method used at Kanowna Belle is a sublevel open stoping operation designed to extract large massive and tabular orebodies (Villaescusa, 2014). In this paper, the analysis of level 9215 ...

Sublevel caving method with sill pillar is the mining process in which a level is divided into several sublevels, a bottom structure specifically used for ore removal is furnished at the lower part of each sublevel, and stoping of ore proceeds from the top sublevel to the bottom sublevel (Fig. 1). It is also called sublevel caving method with ...

In the drift-and-fill method (see Fig. 1), the volume of backfills with 20%, 10%, and 0% cement content account for 16.7%, 41.65%, and 41.65% of the total backfill volume, respectively.It is estimated that the total mine fill cost is about 8.93 $/m 3, and from this total amount, 16.5% is the fill cost with 20% cement content.. The 10% and 20% cement …

An updated resource based on primarily infill drilling with some steps out holes drilled in late 2020 and early 2021 will be available mid-2021. The underground PEA resulted in an underground sublevel caving inventory of 134 Mt at 0.54% Ni and 0.18% Cu with a resultant NSR of US$46/t (@ $6.50/lb Ni, $3.00/lb Cu).

Sublevel caving (SLC) is a mass mining method having high productivity and high safety. However, this method often causes a considerable amount of …

A transverse SLC mining method was adopted for the deposit, with mining beginning at the 5330 level (approximately 580 m below surface; surface 5910 level) and advancing sequentially to depth. Sublevel spacing is 25 m between the 5330 level and 5130 level, and 30 m between the 5130 level and 5040 level.

Sublevel shrinkage (SLSh) is an underground mining method similar to sublevel caving (SLC) but with continuous backfilling from the top. It features a top-down mining sequence with production ...

Download reference work entry PDF. Block caving is a mining ore mining method in which deep hole or medium-deep hole drilling blasting technology is applied for caving at one time in a stage. The layout of ore blocks and extracting technology are generally similar to that of sublevel caving method with sill pillar and external force of …

Open stope mining is the most common mining method employed in underground, hard rock mines in Canada. It is characterised by relatively small, single lift stopes (20,000 to 100,000 tonnes), and ...

Sub-level caving (SLC) requires the transformation of in situ ore into a mobile state by conventional drilling and blasting. This may be a result of a high rock mass strength or strategy to reduce dilution. The SLC method is thought to have evolved as an up-scaling technique to the top slicing mining method (Peele 1918). Block caving, in turn ...

The first comprehensive work on one of the most important underground mining methods worldwide, Geotechnical Design for Sublevel Open Stoping presents topics according to the conventional...

Sublevel shrinkage (SLSh) is an underground mining method similar to sublevel caving (SLC) but with continuous backfilling from the top. It features a top …

The block caving mining method has become increasingly popular in the last two decades. Meanwhile, Indonesia has several potential ore bodies which have not yet determined suitable mining methods. ... Kosenko, A.V. Improvement of sub-level caving mining methods during high-grade iron ore mining. Natsional'nyi Hirnychyi Universytet. …