The aim of this article is to assess the environmental performance of employing residual material flows for vertical hydroponic farming in urban environments in order to support more circular ...

The predominant dispersal mode was by means of symbiotic vegetative propagules (vertical transmission), which dispersed fungal and algal clones co‐dependently over a short distance, thus shaping the spatial genetic structure up to distances of 20 m. Lichens are widespread symbioses and play important roles in many terrestrial …

2.2.1. Biological Nitrogen Fixation. Beneficial bacteria have been shown to provide various benefits to plant nutrition, most notably with macronutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, but also with certain micronutrients such as iron, which is an essential component of chlorophyll.

2. Microbial Symbionts in Insects. In insect–microbe interactions, the bacterial component is the symbiont and the insect part is the host. Symbionts are typically microbes such as bacteria, archaea, and fungi [].Symbionts consist mostly of primary and secondary symbionts that interact intimately with the host insect [].Primary symbionts …

Now a days Cement plants are producing 75–80% PPC & 20–25% OPC due to high market demand of PPC. Production of PPC is cheaper and it's market rate is also lower than OPC by nearly 25 rupees per bag, so general consumer are attracted towards PPC cement. Cement companies also want to produce more and more PPC grade.

Two fundamentally different modes of transmission can be distinguished: horizontal (that is, from an environmental, free-living symbiont source) and vertical (that is, inheritance of …

Abstract. Lichens are widespread symbioses and play important roles in many terrestrial ecosystems. The genetic structure of lichens is the result of the association between fungal and algal populations constituting the lichen thallus. Using eight fungus- and seven alga-specific highly variable microsatellite markers on within-population ...

We find that both transmission mode and symbiont function are correlated with host dependence, with reductions in host fitness being greatest when nutrient-provisioning, vertically transmitted...

A marine symbiosis has been recently discovered between prymnesiophyte species and the unicellular diazotrophic cyanobacterium UCYN-A. At least two different UCYN-A phylotypes exist, the clade UCYN-A1 in symbiosis with an uncultured small prymnesiophyte and the clade UCYN-A2 in symbiosis with the larger Braarudosphaera …

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Studies considering these two variables (i.e. host fitness and vertical transmission) will shed light on the underlying mechanisms to the variation in hereditary symbiosis and ultimately the symbiont fixation. Here, we use this framework to understand the underlying mechanism to the variation in grass–endophyte symbiosis in nature.

By locking the different partners together, vertical transmission creates privileged situations for symbiont–symbiont interactions, especially cooperation and …

The Circular Symbiosis Tower for the 2011 eVolo Skyscraper Competition raises cows and chickens in a symbiotic relationship in order to provide healthy and sustainable meat.

Genetically based vertical transmission drives the frequency of the symbiosis between grasses and systemic fungal endophytes. Anaïs Gibert, Laurent …

The vertical roller mill itself is equipped with a powder concentrator, which can remove fine powder in time, reduce the phenomenon of over-grinding and improve the grinding efficiency. The vertical roller mill is less power consuming. The energy consumption of a vertical roller mill is around 75% of that of a ball mill of the same capacity.

Vertical transmission is rarely the only means of symbiont transfer into the next generation. More often, phylogenetic evidence indicates that vertical acquisition is …

References reporting algal taxa in lichen symbiosis are tabulated, with emphasis on those published since the 1988 review by Tschermak-Woess, and particularly those providing molecular evidence ...

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FIG 1. Anatomy of the Dioscorea sansibarensis leaf acumen. (A) Juvenile leaf from D. sansibarensis. Juvenile leaves are lobed and evolve to heart-shaped leaves in adult plants. Adult leaves can measure up to 46 cm long by 58 cm wide with an acumen at the distal side measuring up to 6 cm. (B) An acumen cross-section.

Bacteria belonging to the genus Bradyrhizobium are capable of establishing symbiotic relationships with a broad range of plants belonging to the three subfamilies of the family Leguminosae ( = Fabaceae), with the formation of specialized structures on the roots called nodules, where fixation of atmospheric nitrogen takes place. Symbiosis is under the …

The evolution of the mycorrhizal symbiosis is thought to have been an essential step that enabled the development of land plants 400 million years ago [].Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi live in symbiosis with 80% of terrestrial plants [] and help plants to access distant water and nutrient sources [3,4,5,6,7,8,9], facilitating plant …

In summary, we investigated vertical transmission, fitness consequences and genomic features of the gut symbionts of A. triguttulus and A. rotundus, and found that, unexpectedly, the symbionts are …

The vertical roller blind is a perfect window covering that carriesblades in a wide range of widths based on the window size. Its blades can be designed at a specific height as well as shapes. It is a great solution to enhance the décor of your property and get protection against direct sunlight. It is also helpful to cover the entire open ...

The leaf symbiosis between Dioscorea sansibarensis and the bacterium Orrella dioscoreae offers an appeal … Hereditary symbioses have the potential to drive transgenerational effects, yet the mechanisms responsible for transmission of heritable plant symbionts are still poorly understood. ... Motility-Independent Vertical Transmission of ...

The leaf symbiosis between Dioscorea sansibarensis and the bacterium Orrella dioscoreae offers an appealing model system to study how heritable bacteria are …

We found at least 16 independent origins of obligate symbiosis spread across 89 insect families (Bayesian phylogenetic mixed model (BPMM): Fig. 1 and Supplementary Table 5).These origins were ...

The vertical roller mill (VRM) is a type of grinding machine for raw material processing and cement grinding in the cement manufacturing process.In recent years, the VRM cement mill has been equipped in more and more cement plants around the world because of its features like high energy efficiency, low pollutant generation, small floor area, etc.. The …

To investigate the distribution of the symbiotic bacteria in D. sansibarensis, we investigated various tissue for endophytic colonization (Table 1).The acumens on D. sansibarensis leaves contain the highest number of viable bacteria, with 2.31 × 10 11 CFU/g on average compared to <7 × 10 6 CFU/g for other tissue (Fig. 1, Table 1).Cross-sections of the …