The effect of these discontinuities on the blasting outcomes depends on their density, continuity, type (open, partially open or closed) and their spatial orientation. Therefore, a good understanding of in-situ rock mass properties especially the presence of fractures is crucial to the success of open pit mining operations.

The Spokane Research Laboratory and the University of British Columbia geomechanics group are focusing on the development of safe and cost-effective underground design guidelines for weak rock masses having an RMR in the range of 15% to 45%. Weak ground conditions, ground support, and mining methods used in several Nevada underground …

The main problem in determining the bulk density of rock core is obtaining an accurate estimate of the rock core's total volume. The research investigated four common techniques used to measuring the bulk density of materials. ... Four different methods commonly used in the aggregate and mining industries to determine the bulk …

Rock dusting problems are universal to the coal industry and applicable to all operating underground bituminous coal mines. An explosion can propagate with as little as 0.01 inches of float coal dust on top of pure rock dust, suggesting the need to simultaneously apply rock dust as the mining face advances.

The Mining Yield Calculator can help you calculate the worth of a rock or a shard. It is especially useful if you just started to mine or if you just broke a rock and aren't sure that that 14.93 % Laranite rock is worth picking up or not. It also helps you learn which rocks are interesting and which are not.

Density and atomic number/atomic mass (Z/A) values for selected igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks, hydrothermal alteration minerals, sulfides, oxides and aluminum, based on Hallenburg (1984 ...

The characteristic impedance of a rock is defined as the product of the sonic velocity and the density of the rock. Based on previous studies, this article finds that: (1) For an intact rock, its characteristic impedance is a comprehensive physical property, since it is closely related with strengths, fracture toughness, Young's modulus, and Poisson's …

Download scientific diagram | Density of rock minerals mining in 2010 Fig. 9. Density of rock minerals mining in 2011 from publication: GIS-based spatial assessment of rock minerals mining - a ...

We analyzed a compilation of previously published and new data on the uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) of various rock types using the pore-emanated crack and the wing crack models. While previous empirical studies have highlighted the strong control of porosity over the strength, the comparison with the pore-emanated crack …

density of rock in an area of mining can be . estimated, the mining methods will follow t he . orientation to reach maximum recovery (Figure 6) In sorowako mining ar ea, the one of the .

The bulk density of the solid ore in-situ at the mine site was communicated in a private telephone con versation between the authors and a company mine geologist as 2500 kg/t,

In mining exploration and resource assessment, the traditional density measurement method for rock cores is the immersion technique, also known as hydrostatic weighing. This is relatively slow (minutes per sample for the "dry" density version suitable for non-porous rocks 1 ) and is impractical for high-resolution logging of entire drill holes.

In this paper, the transient electromagnetic method and high-density resistivity method are used to conduct a geological survey on the boundary of burnt rock and water accumulation area in the Jiangjun Gobi No. 1 open-pit coal mine area.

Although many different densities can be defined based on the underlying mass and volume definitions, the one of most interest to the mining industry is dry bulk density, or the dry …

The dry bulk density (DBD) is determined as dry mass of a rock (i.e. excluding natural moisture) per unit of actual in situ rock volume, including porosity. …

The density of a material is defined as the mass per unit volume. In mining applications we are interested in bulk density; that is, the density of mineable volumes of rock, inclusive of naturally occurring pore space or larger voids. The in situ bulk density includes the water naturally contained in the rock. This

Rock physical and mechanical properties are very important parameters for geological engineering design and construction. For instance, in coal mining industry many geological disasters induced by mining were associated with misunderstanding of rock mechanical properties (Peng 1998a, Han and Peng 2002). Rock physical properties include density ...

The water-rich burnt rock may threaten the safe production of coal mines. Identifying the boundaries of burnt rock and the water-rich area is of great practical significance for the ensuring the safety of mining operations. Transient electromagnetic and high-density resistivity methods are commonly …

Cemented Rockfill. Cemented rockfill (CRF) plays an important role in the mining process, providing critical backfill support for previously-excavated mine areas. In applications where density and moisture content of CRF are critical to safe and compliant operation, reliable mixing and production machinery can make the difference.

As a result of the distinct difference between the mean matrix density range (about 2.5–2.9 × 10 3 kg m − 3) and the mean density range of pore fluid (liquids about 0.8–1.2 × 10 3 kg m − 3; gases < 0.4°× 10 3 kg m − 3), there is a strong correlation between rock bulk density and porosity given by Eq.

In practice, most mining projects use an average density value for each lithological type of the deposit. However, density determinations require special attention …

The Greek letter ρ (rho) symbolizes density. We usually give the density of a mineral in units of grams/cubic centimeter (gm/cm 3 ). Density varies slightly …

The new mine has deposits having same rock density of 150 lb/ft3 as the existing mine. You are given the responsibility to design a blasting pattern for the new mine using the existing drill machine having drill hole diameter of 12.3 inches. Further, you are required to achieve a minimum powder factor of 0.88 lb/tons using ANFO having a density ...

Figure 13 – Excavation in a waste rock stockpile.Vertical face approximately 3 m in height. In this region of the stockpile, it is anticipated matrix flow would be dominant process, but the photo also shows in the …

Rock density information is needed for estimation of the ore tonnage and also for determining the amount of contained metal, because mineralisation grades are …

The same excavation in feet: Excavated area is 200 feet long 20 feet wide and 2 feet deep with a listed swell of 40% for the material. Bank volume = 200 * 20 * 2 = 8000 ft³. Convert 8000 ft³ to yd³ = 8000/27 = 296 yd³. Loose volume = 296 * 1.4 = 414 yd³. (Calculations are based on the material being of similar consistency.

This publication will consider the use of hydraulic attachment tools in underground rock excavation applications - both in mineral extraction from underground mines and also developing tunnels, shafts, chambers and passageways. Going underground is rapidly becoming the only viable option for meeting the infrastructure needs of the 21st century ...

The Geological Strength Index (GSI), introduced by Hoek (1994) and Hoek, Kaiser and Bawden (1995) provides a system for estimating the reduction in rock mass strength for …

Eq. 13.8 is a fundamental relation used throughout the Earth sciences to calculate rock density. Given a porosity and specific fluid, density can be easily calculated if the mineral or grain density is known. Grain densities for common rock-forming minerals are shown in Table 13.3.

Properties used for characterizing intact rock as a building material include: specific gravity, absorption, porosity, degree of saturation, unit weight (density), …