Characterization of Hydroxy-Interlayered Vermiculite and Illite/Smectite Interstratified Minerals from the Weathering of Chlorite in a Cryorthod - Volume 41 Issue 4 ... Dixon, J. B. and Hossner, L. R., 1981 Transformation of chlorite to smectite through regularly interstratified intermediates Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 45 650 – 656 10.2136 ...

This chapter discusses the influence of hydroxy-AI interlayer components on the cation exchange capacity of smectites and vermiculites. Hydroxy-AI interlayered smectite and vermiculite are thought to occur in soils as either weathering products derived from chlorite weathering or more commonly from the deposition of hydroxy-AI polymeric …

typical of smectite-type or vermiculite layers, and the changes in the occupancy of the tetrahedral site by Si which was the best indicator of the smectite to non-

Smectite B. Fine-Grained Mica C. Chlorite D. Iron or Aluminum oxide. D. Iron or aluminum oxide. Which of the following clay most likely fits this description: 2:1 layer silicate, extensive external and interlayer surface area, expandable interlayer, considerable CEC, common in Vertisols. ... Humus, Kaolinite, Smectite, Vermiculite, Gibbsite B ...

The structure and diagenetic transformation of illite-smectite and chlorite-smectite from North Sea Cretaceous-Tertiary chalk - Volume 37 Issue 3 ... (1997 a) Sequential structure transformation of illitesmectite- vermiculite during diagenesis of Upper Jurassic shales from the North Sea and Denmark. Clay Minerals, 32, 351 ...

Effects of Temperature, pH, and Iron/Clay and Liquid/Clay Ratios on Experimental Conversion of Dioctahedral Smectite to Berthierine, Chlorite, Vermiculite, or Saponite Volume 58, Issue 2 Regine Mosser-Ruck (a1), Michel Cathelineau (a1), Damien Guillaume (a2), Delphine Charpentier (a3), Davy Rousset (a1), Odile Barres (a4) and …

The mixing or interstratification in vertical stacking can be regular (ordered), segregated regular, or random (MacEwan and Ruiz-Amil, 1975; Reynolds, 1980; Wilson, 1987). Commonly described mixed-layer clays include: …

chlorite, vermiculite and smectite. Interlayer components of the HIV. The XRD results indicated that the clay assemblages of the. Jiujiang sediments are mainly illite, kaolinite, vermiculite and.

at 300°C, Fe/C = 0.1, and L/C > 5: di-sm → Fe-rich saponite → trioctahedral chlorite + feldspar + zeolite (near-neutral pH); di-sm → Fe-rich vermiculite + mordenite (pH 10–12). Low temperatures (<150°C) and large L/C and Fe/C ratios seem to favor the crystallization of the serpentine group minerals instead of Fe-rich trioctahedral ...

Smectites. The smectite group consists of minerals with the 2:1 structure already discussed for mica and vermiculite, but with a still lower charge per formula weight, namely 0.6–0.2. As in vermiculite, the interlayer contains exchangeable cations (Figure 5 ). An idealized formula for a common soil smectite, the mineral beidellite, is ...

Conversion of smectite to chlorite (S C conversion) is a common clay transformation reaction in a range of geological settings. Yet, current models for S C conversion are still under debate. This study systematically investigated the mechanisms of S C conversion and the influences of Mg 2+ and Al 3+ supplies. Saponite (a …

Vermiculite and chlorite were distinguished by heat treatment. Shrinkage of the 1.42 nm peak to 1.00–1.03 nm after heating indicated the presence of vermiculite.

In particular, clay minerals (i.e., smectite group, chlorite, illite, kaoline group, pyrophyllite, biotite) are pivotal for extrapolating important parameters that strongly affect the development of water/rock …

ADVERTISEMENTS: This article throws light upon the six main types of clay minerals. The types are: 1. Kaolinite 2. Smectite Group 3. Illite Group 4. Vermiculite 5. Chlorite 6. Allophanes. Type # 1. Kaolinite: The most prominent member of the 1: 1 type of clay minerals is kaolinite, in which one silica tetrahedral layer is […]

Study of the transformation of smectite to illite, chlorite or vermiculite via interstratified clay minerals needs precise qualitative and quantitative determinations of the different layers in the mixed-layer clays and is generally based on X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns after specific treatments of the clay samples. Saturation with K or Mg followed …

Download scientific diagram | Sketch of several clay minerals. a: Illite, chlorite and smectite; b: vermiculite, kaolinite or serpentine. Trapezes represent the tetrahedral sheet and rectangles ...

Because of this, after heat treatment at 500°–700° C, the presence of a characteristic X-ray diffraction peak at 14 Å is widely used to identify chlorite minerals. Clay mineral - Kaolin, Serpentine, Group: Minerals of this groups are 1:1 layer silicates. Their basic unit of structure consists of tetrahedral and octahedral sheets in which ...

Furthermore, vermiculite formed as the major weathering product of chlorite and smectite in the soil developed on the backslope. In addition to vermiculite, kaolinite and quartz formed in the soils on the footslope with the greatest concentration of Fe d along the toposequence.

Mineral compositions defined a series from Fe 2+-rich trioctahedral vermiculite to Fe 2+-bearing dioctahedral smectite; in these, tetrahedral substitution of Al for Si was unusually high (up to 3·3/8 in the formula unit). The minerals formed as intermediates during the alteration of chlorite to kaolinite under non-oxidizing, possibly …

For interstratified structures of three component layers, structures consisting of illite/chlorite/smectite and illite/vermiculite/smectite have been reported. Because certain interstratified structures are known to be stable under relatively limited conditions, their occurrence may be used as a geothermometer or other geoindicator.

Abstract. Three soil profiles developed on a serpentinite body (La Rochel'Abeille, near Limoges) show three stages of weathering. All soils contain iron-rich smectites and secondary chlorites. The latter are very silica-rich, more so than 14 Å chlorites from crystalline rocks.

Chlorite–Smectite (vermiculite) (C–S) C–S is the second most common mixed-layer mineral in sedimentary rocks, often occurring together with I-S, and is characteristic of hypersaline facies, volcanoclastic rocks and graywackes (Reynolds, 1988). Unknown from Recent sedimentary environments, C–S is a product of smectite chloritization at ...

Some other T-O-T clays include smectite, talc and chlorite. Figure 10.5.3 A Representation of the Tetrahedral-Octahedral-Tetrahedral Structure of the 2:1 Clay Mineral Illite The potassium cations (K + ) of illite are held in place because the upper and lower surface of each layer is saturated with oxygen ions (O -2 ) giving these surfaces a ...

The conversion of trioctahedral smectite (S) to trioctahedral chlorite (C) occurring in alteration processes is known to be associated with corrensite (Co), a 1:1 regularly interstratified mineral of chlorite and smectite (or vermiculite) layers, as an intermediate stable phase of the mixed layering.

There are several types of clay minerals, including kaolinite, smectite, illite, chlorite, and vermiculite. Each type has a different chemical composition and structure, resulting in unique physical and chemical properties. ... Chlorite: Chlorite is a 2:1 type of clay mineral that contains magnesium and iron ions in its octahedral layer. It is ...

Commonly described mixed-layer clays include: illite-vermiculite, illite-smectite, chlorite-vermiculite (corrensite), chlorite-smectite, and kaolinite-smectite. Mixed-layer clays can form by weathering involving the removal or uptake of cations (e.g. K), hydrothermal alteration, or removal of hydroxide interlayers, and, in some cases, may ...

Smectite Fine-grained micas Al-Oxides Kaolinite Chlorite. Kaolinite. ... Kaolinite Smectite Vermiculite Fine grained mica Chlorite. Capable of absorbing cations. Humus is an important soil colloid. It differs from 2:1 type clay minerals in ALL BUT ONE of the following characteristics: ...

tahedral smectite to berthierine, chlorite, vermiculite, or saponite. Clays and Clay Minerals, 2010, 58 ... Key Words—Berthierine,Chlorite,FeMetal,NuclearWaste,Saponite,Smectite,Vermiculite. INTRODUCTION The interaction between smectites and Fe metal has been investigated …

The structure and layer spacing of hydroxy-interlayered smectite and vermiculite resemble chlorite group minerals, but there are significant compositional differences. First, the extent and location of cation substitution in the 2:1 primary layers of these hydroxy-interlayered clay minerals are characteristic of vermiculite and smectite clay ...

In deep geological repositories for high-level nuclear wastes, interactions between steel canisters and clay-rich materials may lead to mineralogical transformations with a loss of the confining properties of the clays. Experiments simulating the conversion of smectite to Fe-rich clay phases in contact with Fe metal have been carried out to …