thallium poisoning can be fatal in small doses in a very short period of time. In addition, such cases are extremely infrequent and have a highly variable clinical presentation, resulting in many misdiagnos - es. Because of this, it is necessary to understand the clinical mani - festations of thallium poisoning, with a high index of suspicion in -

Thallium is considered a cumulative poison that can cause adverse health effects and degenerative changes in many organs. The effects are the most severe in the nervous system. The exact mechanism of thallium toxicity still remains unknown, although impaired glutathione metabolism, oxidative stress, and disruption of potassium-regulated ...

Thallium is still considered one of the more toxic compounds known to man with a lethal dose reported to be 10–15 mg/kg and with deaths in adults being reported from doses as low as 8 mg/kg [ 3, 4 ]. From 1995 to 2005, the American Association of Poison Control Centers reported 830 human exposures to thallium including one death from …

Thallium (Tl) is one of the most toxic metals and its historic use in homicides has led it to be known as "the poisoner's poison." This review summarizes the methods for identifying Tl and determining its concentrations in biological samples in recently reported poisoning cases, as well as the toxicokinetics, toxicological effects, toxicity …

Thallium (Tl +) is a toxic heavy metal that was accidentally discovered in 1861 by Sir William Crookes by burning the dust from a sulfuric acid industrial plant.He observed a bright green spectral band that quickly disappeared. The new element was named "thallium" (after thallos meaning young shoot) (Galván-Arzate and Santamaría …

Urine thallium levels above 5 µg/L are abnormal, with levels above 200 µg/L being indicative of poisoning. Thallium blood concentration levels are normal below 2 µg/L, and toxic at concentrations greater than 200 µg/L. ... Chronic high level exposure to thallium through inhalation has been reported to cause nervous system effects, such as ...

Thallium adsorption data in Magorian et al. (1974) for a hectorite clay (a rare montmorillonite clay mineral) at pH 8.1 suggest that an adsorption constant for this specific system may be approximately 19 L/g. No other information on the adsorption of thallium by earth materials was located. Thallium may be bioconcentrated by organisms from water.

Thallium poisoning causes damage to the gastrointestinal system, eyes, skin, and nervous system. Prompt diagnosis and aggressive treatment of acute thallium poisoning may be an effective therapy as it quickly reduces the thallium concentration. Few survivors of thallium poisoning may still have neurological or visual impairment.

poisoning. We conducted a retrospective descriptive analysis of patients in our hospital from 2008 to 2018 who had thallium poisoning and experienced a delay in hospital admission. The time from symptom onset to admission was assessed. The patients were divided into 3 groups and descriptive analyses of their clinical characteristics, including …

Thallium. Agent-specific identification, medical symptoms, prevention & personal protective equipment, fire fighting, sampling & analytical methods, decontamination, spillage disposal, packaging & labeling information. Information on terrorism and public health. Provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention …

An accumulation of heavy metals within your body causes heavy metal poisoning. The accumulation happens after you're exposed to heavy metals. Once inside of your body, the metals reside in your blood or tissues, which spreads from your head to your toes. Heavy metals fight with components in your cells, like enzymes and proteins.

The clinical symptoms of thallium poisoning are non-specific, thereby delaying admission and treatment. This study aimed to summarize the clinical features and treatment …

It was August 2012, and soon, a chemistry PhD student in the UK would be fighting for his life. The cause eventually became clear: thallium. On Friday, Aug. 17, that PhD student was a tall ...

Thallium is present in some pesticides and has been used with homicidal intent. Thallium can lead to polyneuropathy with memory impairment and mental disturbances, as well as seizures (70–72). Acute thallium poisoning may present with hyperalgesia, abdominalgia, hepatic damage and alopecia .

Thallium rapidly enters the bloodstream and is transported across the whole organism, which leads to accumulation in bones, kidneys and the nervous system. In consequence, the functioning of several relevant enzymes is disrupted. Stomach and intestinal ulcers, alopecia and polyneuropathy are considered as classic syndromes of …

The clinical presentation of thallium toxicity can vary depending on the type, severity, and timeframe of the exposure. Acute thallium poisoning is primarily characterized by gastrointestinal, neurological, and dermatological symptoms, while neurologic findings predominate with chronic exposure and tend to progress, even …

Thallium is readily absorbed both via inhalation and via skin. This activity describes the evaluation and management of patients with …

The neurologic manifestations of thallium poisoning include a severely painful ascending peripheral neuropathy, autonomic dysfunction, cranial nerve abnormalities, and a toxic encephalopathy. ... As the latter mechanism is consistent with many toxin exposures, the concept of a central nervous system reservoir for thallium is often discounted. A ...

Clinical symptoms of thallium poisoning can be classified as acute, subchronic and chronic depending on the time and level of ... Wang HM, Shen WS, Shih TS, Chu NS (2006) Central nervous system effects in acute thallium poisoning. NeuroToxicol 27:291–295. CAS Google Scholar U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) (2008) …

After a latency period of about three to seven days, the main target becomes the nervous system, in which hyperalgesia gradually develops, especially in the legs, followed by muscle weakness ascending from the lower extremities, indicative of heavy metal toxicity . Thallium poisoning victims often lose their hair and develop cranial …

Summary. Exposure to thallium occurs mainly from eating food. Exposure to higher levels of thallium may occur in the workplace. Breathing high levels of thallium may result in …

Thallium (Tl) is released into the environment, where is present at very low levels, from both natural and anthropogenic sources. Tl is considered as one of the most toxic heavy metals; it is a non-essential metal, present in low concentrations in humans. Tl toxicity causes dermatological and gastrointestinal diseases and disorders of the …

Abstract. We report the central nervous system manifestations, neuropsychological studies and brain magnetic resonance image (MRI) findings of two patients with acute thallium intoxication. Neurologically the patients suffered from confusion, disorientation, and hallucination in the acute stage, followed by anxiety, depression, lack of ...

Medically reviewed by Martin E Zipser, MD; American board of Surgery. Get the facts about thallium poisoning side effects, health risks and toxicity testing. Learn the metal's …

Detecting the Devil: Signs and Symptoms of Thallium Poisoning. Thallium poisoning can present a bewildering array of signs and symptoms, challenging detection and diagnosis. Acute Poisoning: In cases of acute poisoning, symptoms can manifest within one to 12 days of exposure. The affected systems and their respective signs …

Symptoms of acute thallium poisoning include gastrointestinal complaints and neurological symptoms, including polyneuropathy, but the condition can also be fatal [13,14,15]. Chronic thallium toxicity can occur after long-term low-level thallium exposure, generally presenting with anorexia, headaches, and neurological symptoms [ 10, 16 ].

Thallium poisoning is extremely rare and can be fatal in small doses. An adequate clinical approach can facilitate early diagnosis. Keywords: Alopecia ... It widely distributes, fixing itself in the nervous system, skin and appendages, muscle, liver, kidneys, and adipose tissue, and can cross the placental barrier and cause fetal ...

Exposure to high levels of thallium can result in harmful health effects. A study on workers exposed on the job over several years reported nervous system effects, such as numbness of fingers and toes, from breathing thallium. Studies in people who ingested large amounts of thallium over a short time have reported vomiting, diarrhea, temporary ...

Thallium intoxication can severely affect the nervous system, including peripheral (sensorimotor neuropathy), central (altered mental status, convulsions, and …

Acute thallium poisoning can cause severe central nervous system damage. In severe cases, paralysis of the respiratory muscles may occur, even leading to coma. [2,10] Here, we report on a patient in a coma caused by severe thallium poisoning and untimely diagnosis and treatment. After PB and PE treatment, as well as other …